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The Dominion Institute Great Canadian Questions Tools for Teachers Bulletin Board

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Article Two by Charlotte Gray

I suffer from a very Canadian syndrome: TGIH.

What is TGIH? Well, let me explain it this way. Living here, I often suffer hero envy. Why can't Canada produce a brilliant literary bad boy like Jay McInerney, or a steely-minded politician like Margaret Thatcher, or an outrageous sports personality like Dennis Rodman? Why don't we spawn larger than life characters who bend the rules to fit them, rather than shaping their behaviour to the norm?

But then I leave Canada, perhaps to spend a few days on the turf of one of these braggadocio characters. On my return, I am overwhelmed by TGIH. Thank God I'm Home -- in a country where bully-boy tactics are not celebrated and civility is the norm; a country where we put forgotten prime ministers, like Robert Borden, on our bank notes, rather than kings and conquerors. The political and military heroes of other countries are celebrated for their fierce individualism and driving determination. But these are not Canadian qualities: Canada is not a militaristic nation.

We admire other virtues. Our public discourse is rarely characterized by Sturm und Drang, and when presented with a silver lining, we instinctively look for the clouds. I don't care if people elsewhere jeer at Canada for being a decaffeinated version of the States. They can keep their Supermen and Superwomen. I breathe a sigh of relief when I am back in the land of Clark Kent virtues -- modesty, respect for others, a certain diffidence, a well-developed sense of the ridiculous, and a steady ability to work for the common good.

My counterpart, Peter Newman, has suggested the one essential characteristic of all Canadian heroes is that they are dead. He claims that if a living Canadian claimed hero status, the rest of us would dismiss him as a boaster: we are, he states, "fuelled by envy".

I would argue Mr. Newman is using an outdated definition of heroism; his examples of heroes are European, pre-twentieth-century soldiers and explorers who displayed against-the-odds bravery in the service of some national ideal. That kind of bravery is passé in the age of microchip empires and dissolving national borders. Its only current manifestation is in the nerves-of-steel take-over duels between the contemporary titans of capitalism tracked by Mr. Newman himself. Head-to-head battles within the business establishment make amusing reading, but selflessness and national pride play no role in corporate slugfests.

Nonetheless, there is a Canadian appetite for people who symbolize our nation. When the Millennium Partnership Project offered to fund projects celebrating Canada's past achievements and individuals of note, it was inundated with applications. Almost 200 have already been granted: two of the projects are a wooden sculpture of Tecumseh, the Shawnee chief who fought for the British in 1812, and a national tour of a bronze maquette representing the five sturdy women who fought the Persons Case in 1929.

For those who wish to feed our appetite for heroes, the challenge is to redefine heroism. Which unsung heroes typify the best aspects of Canada: a tolerant, successful and unpretentious society, with a sense of humour and a remarkable collective ability both to promote change and adapt to it?

Just because our virtues are modest doesn't mean we have to celebrate wimps. Once you start matching Canadian qualities to Canadian achievers, you quickly realize there is plenty of material -- among the living and the dead -- to work with.

  • Collective strength. A nation whose very existence depends on a collective balancing act is a high-wire act that works. What could better symbolize this than the Cirque du Soleil, in which performers swing through the air, use each other as counterweights, balance each others' needs -- all without speaking? Just like our federation: geographical, gender, linguistic balance.

  • Quiet competence. In international affairs, there have always been unassuming, brainy Canadians working for a better world. They include John Humphrey, who drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and Prime Minister Pearson, who developed the idea of peace-keeping forces. But one unsung hero is Louis Rasminsky, the soft-spoken, charming and gifted economist who was the éminence grise at the 1944 Bretton Woods conference. Having observed the monetary chaos of the 1930s and 1940s, he quietly designed the International Monetary Fund, which stabilized the global financial system. Because he was Canadian, he never took credit. Because Bretton Woods House is in Washington, the Americans got it.

  • Respect for the land. Canadians have raped and pillaged their landscape as energetically as anyone, but since pre-Confederation days there have also been ecological champions -- native and immigrant. Nineteenth-century author Catharine Parr Traill was among the first to realize the dangers of environmental destruction. While Walt Whitman was still waxing lyrical, she was on her hands and knees, digging up ferns and identifying disappearing botanical species. Until now she has been a prophet unrecognised in her own country... very Canadian.

  • Creative brilliance. Alice Munro is a hero on two counts. First, she took an underrated literary form -- the short story -- and produced such polished jewels that she raised standards world-wide. She exemplifies the Canadian ability to colonize a small area of artistry, and enlarge it into an important genre. (We did the same with documentaries and children's music.) Second, she has won all the big prizes -- the Governor-General's, the Giller, the Pulitzer -- yet, in typically modest Canadian style, she refuses to be lionized.

  • Humour. How did Canadians ever earn a reputation for being boring, when comedians are one of our greatest exports? Perhaps it is because Canadian comedy is so dead pan. When a laugh track is fitted to emigrants like Mike Myers, Martin Short, Jim Carey, and John Candy, American audiences finally get it. And alongside the irony, in a blazing talent like Rick Mercer there is irreverence and a burning sense of social justice. Mr. Mercer illustrates both the Canadian capacity for edgy comedy and our gift for not taking ourselves too seriously. He can even get politicians to laugh at themselves.

  • Commitment to the common good. For Canadian peacekeepers, there is no personal glory in what they do. They just keep on putting their lives on the line as they keep warring factions apart. Whether reassuring Albanians in Kosovo or helping Ethiopian children, they embody the spirit of mutual help that kept prairie farmers going during the Great Depression, and propelled Newfoundlanders to help one another when the fishery collapsed.

  • Self-invention. The catalogue of bogus Canadian heroes is delightfully long: Laura Secord didn't really lead a cow behind the lines in the War of 1812; Grey Owl, the most famous Red Indian in the world, was born Archibald Stansfield Belaney in Hastings, England; Billy Bishop wasn't quite the fighter pilot ace that the Canadian government claimed. But Canada has given all kinds of people an opportunity to reinvent themselves. My particular favourite is Lili St. Cyr, the Montreal stripper who seduced Montreal in the 1940s and 1950s. Lili's real name was Marie Van Schaak: she was born in Minneapolis in 1918 and couldn't speak a word of French. She broke hearts and emptied wallets, but a helluva lot of people had a helluva good time in her presence. Above all, she epitomizes the chameleon quality of Canadians: we adapt to the world around us.